Progressive Web App (PWA)

A Progressive Web App (PWA) is a type of web application that combines the best features of websites and native mobile apps. PWAs are built using standard web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript) but behave like apps by offering offline functionality, push notifications, and installation on a device’s home screen. They load quickly, even on slow connections, and provide a reliable, engaging experience that feels similar to using a native app — without requiring users to download it from an app store. PWAs bridge the gap between the web and mobile, allowing businesses to reach users seamlessly while reducing development and maintenance costs compared to building separate native apps.

Why It Matters

  • User experience → Fast, reliable, and engaging interactions.
  • Offline access → Content can be available without an internet connection.
  • Cross-platform compatibility → Works on both desktop and mobile devices.
  • Cost efficiency → One codebase instead of separate native apps.
  • SEO benefits → Indexed by search engines unlike native apps.

Key Features

  • Service workers → Handle caching and offline support.
  • Web App Manifest → Allows installation to the home screen.
  • Push notifications → Re-engage users with timely updates.
  • HTTPS requirement → Ensures security and trust.

Example (Manifest Snippet)

{
  "name": "My PWA",
  "short_name": "PWA",
  "start_url": "/",
  "display": "standalone",
  "background_color": "#ffffff",
  "theme_color": "#000000"
}

Best Practices

  • Focus on performance — PWAs should load in under 3 seconds.
  • Implement progressive enhancement for wider compatibility.
  • Ensure secure HTTPS hosting.
  • Regularly update caching strategies to avoid stale content.